Menopause is not a disease or an illness. It is a transition between two phases of a woman's life. Menopause occurs when a woman permanently stops menstruating (having periods). Many women experience a variety of symptoms as a result of the hormonal changes associated with the transition through menopause. Around the time of menopause, women often lose bone density and their cholesterol may worsen, increasing their risk of heart disease.
Menopause is the absence of menstrual periods for 12 months. The menopausal transition starts with varying menstrual cycle length and ends with the final menstrual period. Perimenopause means "the time around menopause" and is often used to refer to the menopausal transitional period. It is not officially a medical term, but is sometimes used to explain certain aspects of the menopause transition in lay terms.
There comes a time in every woman’s life where she stops her menses. Known by many names; “Auntie Flow, the curse…” menstruation is when women battle with cramps, mood swings, feeling bloated or tired during that time of month when she is bleeding. These symptoms are known as PMDD- Premenstrual Dysphoris Disorder otherwise known as PMS.
Causes
As part of the aging process the ovaries begin to produce less estrogen and progesterone. This decrease signals the beginning of the end of a women's reproductive years. Eventually the menstrual periods stop and it is no longer possible for a woman to become pregnant. Normally this transition progresses in two stages.
Symptoms
Technically, you don't actually "hit" menopause until it's been one year since your final menstrual period. In the United States, that happens about age 51, on average. The signs and symptoms of menopause, however, often appear long before the one-year anniversary of your final period.
Menopause is a natural process that happens to every woman as she grows older, and is not a medical problem, disease or illness. Still, some women may have a hard time because of the changes in hormone levels during menopause.
Treatment
Perimenopause is a natural stage of life, not a disease or a disorder, and therefore it does not automatically require any kind of treatment. However when the bodily effects of perimenopause are severe and disruptive, they may be alleviated through medical treatments. Hormone replacement therapy or HRT, known in Britain as Hormone Therapy or HT, and the SSRIs appear to provide the most reliable pharmaceutical relief. However, adverse effects of one kind of HRT (equine estrogen combined with a synthetic progestin) are now well documented. See the section below on "Adverse effects of conjugated equine estrogens".
Regular exercise can help improve some symptoms of the menopause, including hot flushes and night sweats, difficulty sleeping and mood changes. Physical activity that stresses the bones, such as running and walking, can slow down the loss of bone density. Physical activity can also help protect against heart disease and stroke. The recommended amount of physical activity is at least half an hour of moderate intensity physical activity on at least five days each week.
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