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( Taiwan Province)
Taiwan Province (traditional Chinese ??? or ???; simplified Chinese ???; pinyin Taiwan Sheng) is one of the two administrative divisions referred to as provinces and governed by the Republic of China (ROC). The province covers most of the current territory of the Republic of China. Geographically it covers the majority of the island of Taiwan as well as all the smaller islands surrounding it, the largest of which are the Pescadores, the Green Island and the Orchid Island. Taiwan Province excludes the Kinmen and Lienchiang counties, which are administered as Fujian province, and the centrally administered municipalities of Taipei and Kaohsiung, both of which located geographically within the island of Taiwan. Since 1998, the Taiwan Provincial Government has been streamlined, with most of its functions transferred to the Executive Yuan. The People's Republic of China (PRC) in mainland China regards itself as the "successor state" of the Republic of China (ROC), which it claims no longer legitimately exists. The PRC further claims that as such, the PRC has sovereignty over all of China which it claims the island of Taiwan is a part of. The ROC disputes this position, maintaining that it still legitimately exists and that the PRC has not succeeded it to sovereignty over Taiwan. See also Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China and political status of Taiwan. In 1683, following a naval engagement with Admiral Shi Lang, Koxinga's (Cheng Ch'eng Kung) grandson Zheng Keshuang and ruler of Taiwan submitted to the Qing Dynasty (then romanised as Ch'ing Dynasty). Then the Qing Dynasty ruled Taiwan (including the Pescadores) as a prefecture of Fujian Province. In 1875, Taipei Prefecture was separated from the original prefecture. In 1887, Taiwan was made a separate province.
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