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( Sun Yat Sen)
Sun Yat-sen (pinyin Sun Yixian; 12 November 1866 – 12 March 1925) was a Chinese revolutionary and political leader. As the foremost pioneer of Nationalist China, Sun is frequently referred to as the Father of the Nation of Republic of China. Sun played an instrumental role in inspiring the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty, the last imperial dynasty of China, which began in October 1911. He was the first provisional president when the Republic of China (ROC) was founded in 1912 and later co-founded the Kuomintang (KMT) where he served as its first leader. Sun was a uniting figure in post-Imperial China, and remains unique among 20th-century Chinese politicians for being widely revered amongst the people from both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Although Sun is considered one of the greatest leaders of modern China, his political life was one of constant struggle and frequent exile. After the success of the revolution, he quickly fell out of power in the newly founded Republic of China, and led successive revolutionary governments as a challenge to the warlords who controlled much of the nation. Sun did not live to see his party consolidate its power over the country. His party, which formed a fragile alliance with the Communists, split into two factions after his death. Sun's chief legacy resides in his developing a political philosophy known as the Three Principles of the People nationalism, democracy, and the people's livelihood.[2] The birth name of Sun Yat-sen was Sun Wen (??) and official name was Sun Deming (???). During childhood, he had the child name Dixiang (??). The courtesy name of Sun Yat-sen was Zaizhi (??), and his literary name was Rixin (??), later Yixian (??), which is pronounced Yat-sen in Cantonese. In Chinese he is usually referred as Sun Zhongshan (???).[3] Sun Yat-sen was born on 12 November 1866 to a Hakka family in the village of Cuiheng, Xiangshan (later Zhongshan) county, Guangzhou prefecture, Guangdong province (26&_160;km or 16 miles north of Macau), in the Empire of the Great Qing of China.
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