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( Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg)
Coordinates 49°24'37?N 8°42'23?E? / ?49.41028, 8.70639 The Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg (University of Heidelberg, Ruperto Carola, or simply Heidelberg) is a public research university located in Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Founded in 1386, it is the oldest university in Germany and was the third university established in the Holy Roman Empire.[1] A coeducational institution since 1899, today Heidelberg consists of twelve faculties and offers degree programs at undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral levels in some 100 disciplines.[2] It is a German Excellence University, as well as a founding member of the League of European Research Universities, the Coimbra Group, and the European University Association. Today, the university continues to emphasize on research. It is consistently ranked among Europe's top overall universities,[7] and is an international education venue for doctoral students, with approximately 1,000 doctorates successfully completed every year, and with more than one third of the doctoral students coming from abroad.[8][9] International students from some 130 countries account for more than 20 percent of the entire student body.[10] The university comprises two campuses one in Heidelberg's Old Town and another in the Neuenheimer Feld quarter on the outskirts of the city. The university was founded in 1386 at the behest of Rupert I, Count Palatine of the Rhine, in order to provide faculties for the study of philosophy, theology, jurisprudence, and medicine. On October 19, 1386 the first lecture was held, making Heidelberg the oldest university in Germany.[11] The Great Schism in 1378, which split European Christendom into two hostile groups, was initiated by the election of two popes after the death of Pope Gregory XI in the same year. One successor resided in Avignon (elected by the French) and the other in Rome (elected by the Italian cardinals). The German secular and spiritual leaders voiced their support for the successor in Rome, which had far-reaching consequences for the German students and teachers in Paris they lost their stipends and had to leave. Rupert I recognized the opportunity and initiated talks with the Curia, which ultimately lead to the creation of the Papal Bull Foundation.. On October 18, 1386, a ceremonial fair in the Heiliggeistkirche commemorated the opening of the doors of the university. As a motto for the seal, Marsilius von Inghen, the first rector of the university chose semper apertus—i.e., "the book of learning is always open."[4] At this point in time, the city of Heidelberg had approximately 3,500 inhabitants, including 600 students enrolled at the university.[11]
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