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( Prince of Wales)
Prince of Wales (Welsh Tywysog Cymru) is a title traditionally granted to the Heir Apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom (and formerly the Kingdom of Great Britain and before that the Kingdom of England). The current Prince of Wales is Prince Charles, the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II. The Prince of Wales currently has no formal role or responsibility that has been legislated by Parliament or otherwise delegated by the Monarchy. Prince Charles, as the 21st holder of the title has created the following three roles for himself[1] For most of the post-Roman period, Wales was divided into several smaller states. Prior to the Norman conquest of England, the most powerful Welsh ruler at any given time was generally known as King of the Britons. In the 12th century and the 13th century, this title evolved into that of Prince of Wales.[citation needed] In Latin, the new title was "Princeps Wallie", while in Welsh it was "Tywysog Cymru". The literal translation of "Tywysog" is "Leader" (The verb tywys means to lead, which shares a common root with the modern Irish for prime minister, the Taoiseach). Only a handful of native princes had their claim to be Prince of Wales recognized by the English Crown. In 1218, Llywelyn the Great had the title bestowed upon him and his successors by his half-brother-in-law, the 11-year old Henry III. In 1240, the title was inherited by his son Dafydd ap Llywelyn and, in 1246, by his nephew Llywelyn the Last (or Llywelyn ap Gruffydd). In 1282, Llywelyn was 'deposed' by Edward I of England and the Prince of Wales title became dormant. Although Llywelyn ap Gruffydd was the last native Prince of Wales recognized by the English Crown, it is Owain Glyndwr whom many Welsh people regard as being the last native Prince. On September 16, 1400, he was proclaimed Prince of Wales by his supporters and it was not until 1409 that his revolt in quest of Welsh independence was suppressed by Henry IV. The tradition of investing the heir of the monarch of Britain with the title of "Prince of Wales" began in 1301, when King Edward I of England, having completed the conquest of Wales, gave the title to his heir, Prince Edward (later King Edward II of England).
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