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( Parathyroid gland)
The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone. These glands are usually located behind the thyroid gland and in rare cases are located within the thyroid glands. Most people have four parathyroid glands, but some people have six or even eight. The parathyroid glands are four or more small glands located on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. Histologically they are quite easily recognizable from the thyroid as they have densely packed cells in contrast with the follicle structure of the thyroid. [1] However at surgery they are harder to differentiate from the thyroid or fat. They distinguish themselves from the thyroid gland histologically as they contain two types of cells[2] The parathyroid glands were discovered by Ivar Viktor Sandström (1852-1889), a Swedish medical student, in 1880. [4] It was the last major organ to be recognized in humans.
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