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( Ottoman Dynasty)
The Ottoman Dynasty (or the Imperial House of Osman) (Turkish Osmanli Hanedani) ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922, beginning with Osman I (not counting his father, Ertugrul), though the dynasty was not proclaimed until Orhan Bey[1] declared himself sultan. Before that the tribe/dynasty might have been known as Sögüt but was renamed Osmanli (Ottoman in English) in honour of Osman. The sultan was the sole and absolute regent, head of state and head of government of the empire, at least officially, though often much power shifted de facto to other officials (in principle all his subservient creatures), especially the Grand Vizier, after whose palace the Ottoman government was known as High Porte, the Sultan's own Topkapi Palace being mainly a seraglio, 'harem'. See the article on state organisation of the Ottoman Empire for further information on the sultan and the structure of power. The Ottoman dynasty is known in Turkish as Osmanli, meaning "House of Osman". The first rulers of the dynasty never had called themselves sultans, but rather beys, or "chieftain", roughly the Turkic equivalent of Emir, which would itself become a gubernatorial title and even a common military or honorific rank. Thus they still formally acknowledged the sovereignty of the contemporary Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm and its successor, the Ilkhanate.
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