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( Nebuchadrezzar II)
Nebuchadnezzar II, also called Nebuchadrezzar (listen) (c 630-562 BC), was a ruler of Babylon in the Chaldean Dynasty, who reigned c. 605 BC-562 BC. He is mentioned in the Book of Daniel, and he constructed the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. He conquered Judah and Jerusalem. He was traditionally called "Nebuchadnezzar the Great" (Daniel 11; Jeremiah 2511). In contemporary Iraq and some other parts of the Middle East, he is glorified as a historic leader. His name is Akkadian, Nabû-kudurri-u?ur, is usually (but mistakenly) interpreted as "O Nabu, defend my kudurru" -- Nabu being the Babylonian deity of wisdom who is the son of the god Marduk. A kudurru is an inscribed stone deed of property, a clay copy of which served as a boundary marker. In an inscription, he styles himself "Nabu's favourite". Contained in a ruler's title, kudurru approximates to "firstborn son" or "oldest son". Due to this, Nabû-khi durri-u?ur actually means "Oh God Nabu, preserve/defend my firstborn son". The Hebrew form is ??????????????? (N??u?adn??ar or simply Nevuchadnetsar), but can be also found as ???????????????? and ???????????????? (N??u?adre?ar). Nebuchadnezzar II was the second son and successor of Nabopolassar, who delivered Nineveh from its dependence on Assyria and laid Nineveh in ruins. According to Berossus, he married Amytis of Media, the daughter or granddaughter of Cyaxares, king of the Medes, and thus the Median and Babylonian dynasties were united.
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