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( Maximum lifespan)
Maximum life span is a measure of the maximum amount of time one or more members of a group has been observed to survive between birth and death. In animal studies, maximum life span is typically taken to be the mean life span of the most long-lived 10% of a given cohort. By another definition, maximum life span corresponds to the age at which the oldest known member of a species or experimental group has died. Maximum life span is contrasted to mean life span (average lifespan or life expectancy). Mean life span varies with susceptibility to disease, accident, suicide and homicide, whereas maximum life span is determined by "rate of aging". Epistemologically maximum life span also depends upon initial sample size.[1] The oldest recognized person on record is Jeanne Calment, a French woman who lived for 122 years and 164 days. Maximum life span for humans has remained about 115-120 calendar years throughout recorded history, despite steady improvements in life expectancy. Reduction of infant mortality has accounted for most of this increased average longevity, but since the 1960s mortality rates among those over 80 years has decreased by about 1.5% per year. Advances in medicine, calorie restriction with adequate nutrition, or other interventions are said to have slowed the aging process. Although calorie restriction has not been proven to extend the maximum human life span, as of 2006, results in ongoing primate studies are promising[2]. The differences between life span between species demonstrate the role of genetics in determining maximum life span ("rate of aging"). The records (in years) are these The longest-lived vertebrates have been variously described as Invertebrate species which continue to grow as long as they live (e.g., certain clams, some coral species) can on occasion live hundreds of years
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