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( Marco Polo) Marco Polo (English pronunciation&_160;/'m?rko? 'po?lo?/&_160; ( listen); Italian pronunciation&_160;['marko 'p??lo]) (c. 1254 – January 8, 1324) was a merchant from the Venetian Republic who wrote Il Milione, which introduced Europeans to Central Asia and China. He learned about trading whilst his father and uncle, Niccolò and Maffeo, travelled through Asia and met Kublai Khan. In 1269, they returned to Venice to meet Marco for the first time. The three of them embarked on an epic journey to Asia, returning after 24 years to find Venice at war with Genoa; Marco was imprisoned, and dictated his stories to a cellmate. He was released in 1299, became a wealthy merchant, married and had 3 children. He died in 1324, and was buried in San Lorenzo.

Their pioneering journey inspired Columbus[1] and others. Marco Polo's other legacies include Venice Marco Polo Airport, the Marco Polo sheep, and several books and films. He also had an influence on European cartography, leading to the introduction of the Fra Mauro map.

The exact time and place of Marco Polo's birth are unknown, and current theories are mostly conjectural. However, the most quoted specific date is somewhere "around 1254",[Note 2] and it is generally accepted that Marco Polo was born in the Venetian Republic. While the exact birthplace is unknown, most biographers point towards Venice itself as Marco Polo's home town.[Note 3][2] His father Niccolò was a merchant who traded with the Middle East, becoming wealthy and achieving great prestige.[3][4] Niccolò and his brother Maffeo set off on a trading voyage, before Marco was born.[4] In 1260, Niccolò and Maffeo were residing in Constantinople when they foresaw a political change; they liquidated their assets into jewels and moved away.[3] According to The Travels of Marco Polo, they passed through much of Asia, and met with the Kublai Khan.[5] Meanwhile, Marco Polo's mother died, and he was raised by an aunt and uncle.[4] Polo was well educated, and learned merchant subjects including foreign currency, appraising, and the handling of cargo ships,[4] although he learned little or no Latin.[3]

In 1269, Niccolò and Maffeo returned to Venice, meeting Marco for the first time. In 1271, Marco Polo (at seventeen years of age), his father, and his uncle set off for Asia on the series of adventures that were later documented in Marco's book. They returned to Venice in 1295, 24 years later, with many riches and treasures. They had travelled almost 15,000&_160;miles (24,140&_160;km).[4]

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