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( Loudness) Loudness is the quality of a sound that is the primary psychological correlate of physical strength (amplitude).

Loudness, a subjective measure, is often confused with objective measures of sound pressure such as decibels or sound intensity. Filters such as A-weighting attempt to adjust sound measurements to correspond to loudness as perceived by the average human. However, true perceived loudness varies from person to person and cannot be measured this way.

Loudness is also affected by parameters other than sound pressure, including frequency (see bandwidth), and duration (see temporal integration).

The perception of loudness is related to both the sound pressure level and duration of a sound. It appears that the human auditory system integrates the level over a 600-1000 ms window. For example, a sound of constant sound pressure level (SPL) will be perceived to grow in loudness as 20, 50, 100, 200 ms samples are played up to a maximum of ~1000 ms where the perception of loudness will stabilize. For long duration sounds then, the moment by moment perception of loudness will be based on the integration (or averaging) of the last 600-1000 ms.

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