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( Joseph Needham)
Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham, CH, FRS, FBA (9 December 1900 – 24 March 1995), also known as Li Yuese (simplified Chinese ???; traditional Chinese ???; pinyin Li Yuesè Wade-Giles Li Yüeh-Sê), was a British academic and sinologist known for his research and writing on the history of Chinese science. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1941,[1] and as a fellow of the British Academy in 1971.[2] In 1992, the Queen conferred on him the Companionship of Honour and the Royal Society noted he was the only living person to hold these three titles.[3] Needham was the only child of a London family. His father was a Scottish doctor and his mother, Alicia Adelaïde Montgomery (1863–1945), was a French-Irish composer and music teacher. Needham was educated at Oundle School, before receiving his bachelor's degree in 1921 from Cambridge University, master's degree in January 1925 and doctorate in October 1925. He had intended reading medicine but came under the influence of Frederick Gowland Hopkins and switched to Biochemistry. After graduation, he worked in Hopkins's laboratory at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, specialising in embryology and morphogenesis. His 3-volume work Chemical Embryology, published in 1931, includes a history of embryology from Egyptian times up to the early 19th century, including quotations in most European languages. His Silliman memorial lecture of 1936 was published by Yale University under the title of Order and Life.[4] Although his career as biochemist and an academic was well established, his career developed in unanticipated directions during and after World War II.
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