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( Genetics) Genetics, a discipline of biology, is the science of heredity and variation in living organisms.^[1][2] The fact that living things inherit traits from their parents has been used since prehistoric times to improve crop plants and animals through selective breeding. However, the modern science of genetics, which seeks to understand the process of inheritance, only began with the work of Gregor Mendel in the mid-nineteenth century.^[3] Although he did not know the physical basis for heredity, Mendel observed that organisms inherit traits in a discrete manner—these basic units of inheritance are now called genes.

Genes correspond to regions within DNA, a molecule composed of a chain of four different types of nucleotides—the sequence of these nucleotides is the genetic information organisms inherit. DNA naturally occurs in a double stranded form, with nucleotides on each strand complementary to each other. Each strand can act as a template for creating a new partner strand—this is the physical method for making copies of genes that can be inherited.

The sequence of nucleotides in a gene is translated by cells to produce a chain of amino acids, creating proteins—the order of amino acids in a protein corresponds to the order of nucleotides in the gene. This is known as the genetic code. The amino acids in a protein determine how it folds into a three-dimensional shape; this structure is, in turn, responsible for the protein's function. Proteins carry out almost all the functions needed for cells to live. A change to the DNA in a gene can change a protein's amino acids, changing its shape and function this can have a dramatic effect in the cell and on the organism as a whole.

Although genetics plays a large role in the appearance and behavior of organisms, it is the combination of genetics with what an organism experiences that determines the ultimate outcome. For example, while genes play a role in determining a person's height, the nutrition and health that person experiences in childhood also have a large effect.

Genetics Subcategories Genetics Articles The New Era Of Personalized Nutrition & Skin Care by Johnmark Ridings Millions of Americans are taking food supplements and applying skin care products in a never ending battle to stay & look younger, feel better, and treat their ills. They take these based on what they read, see and hear with a small percentage actu... Cause Of Autism: Some People Think They Know What Causes Autism? by Nancy Clyne The fact is that no one really knows for sure what causes autism, but many professionals would most likely agree that autism is likely caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. For many parents, this uncertainty in what causes au... Causes of Pattern Baldness and Lower Fertility among Men by MN Nikk Male pattern baldness is the most common type of hair loss in men. Some men experience baldness by the time they are in their 60s. Age has not been proved to be the major cause of hair loss in men as what others believed. Men should consider that the... The fatal brain diseases by subhash kumar neurological diseases that uses an injection to tweak the way genes work in the brain. The research raises hopes for a new era of effective treatments for some of the most debilitating - and so far incurable - brain conditions, inclu... Hope of cure for fatal brain diseases by subhash kumar SCIENTISTS HAVE developed a revolutionary new treatment for neurological diseases that uses an injection to tweak the way genes wor... Cure For Cellulite by cd mohatta Cellulite- what is it? Cellulite is the dimpled appearance of skin on the thighs of women. It also occurs on the buttocks. As women age, cellulite tends to increase. It looks like orange peel. The skin is not smooth, but has dimples on... Weight Gain, Cravings, & Genetics by LaZelle Blue Bradley Jay Leno expressed on the Tonight Show that as he interviewed people he realized that most of them had weight loss as their New Years resolution. Weight is indeed a major concern in the United States. Overweight robs us of energy ... Association between a variation in the phosphodiesterase 4D gene and bone mineral density Association between a variation in the phosphodiesterase 4D gene and bone mineral density Richard H Reneland* 1 , Steven Mah* 1 , Stefan Kammerer1 , Carolyn R Hoyal1 , Geor...