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( Feynman diagram)
In quantum field theory a Feynman diagram is an intuitive graphical representation of a contribution to the transition amplitude or correlation function of a quantum mechanical or statistical field theory. Within the canonical formulation of quantum field theory a Feynman diagram represents a term in the Wick's expansion of the perturbative S-matrix. The transition amplitude is the matrix element of the S-matrix between the initial and the final states of the quantum system. Alternatively, the path integral formulation of quantum field theory represents the transition amplitude as a weighted sum of all possible histories of the system from the initial to the final state, in terms of either particles or fields. A Feynman diagram is then a contribution of a particular class of particle paths, which join and split as described by the diagram. Feynman diagrams were developed by Richard Feynman, and are named after him.
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