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( Art school)
Art school is a colloquial term for any educational institution (whether elementary, secondary, post-secondary/undergraduate, or graduate/postgraduate) with a primary focus on the visual arts, especially graphic design, illustration, painting, photography, and sculpture. They are distinguished from larger institutions which may also offer majors or degrees in the visual arts, but only as one part of a broad-based range of programs (such as the liberal arts and sciences). France's École des Beaux-Arts is perhaps the first model for such organized instruction, breaking with a tradition of master/apprentice instruction. If accredited as a college, most art schools grant a Bachelor of Fine Arts, or a Fine Art B.A. in the United Kingdom, and perhaps other degrees. Students in post-secondary art school are typically thought to have bohemian values and to seek a particular lifestyle. The pursuit of this lifestyle, which pursuit sometimes takes primacy over the production of the work itself, is characterised by a sensitivity to implicit or subtextual meanings, a contempt for mass media, attempts at sexual provocation, and strong interests in social protest and cultural theory. While the lifestyle itself may be pursued with a vigor earlier generations associated with spiritual vocations, these characteristics are also a stereotype. Professional art colleges such as the AICAD member schools maintain curricula with liberal arts requirements necessary for granting BFA or MFA degrees. Both private and public schools can offer degrees in fine art and design. There is a notable difference between a Bachelor of Art (BA) and a Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) degree. Typically a BA means that a student focuses approximately 30% of their course work in studio coursework while the remainder consists of general academic coursework. BFA degrees are distinctly different in that they offer approximately 70% studio coursework and 30% general education. Graduate degrees vary by the specific discipline, including but not limited to a Master of Arts (MA), Master of Fine Arts (MFA), Master of Architecture (M.Arch), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). Some programs in both private and public schools may offer a more general degree in art and do not require a major in a specific field but might offer concentrations. A concentration is not accepted by some accrediting or professional organizations as enough study in some fields for success as a professional.
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