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( Aristotelian physics)
The Greek philosopher Aristotle (384 BC – 322 BC) developed many theories on the nature of physics that are completely different from what are now understood as the laws of physics. These involved what Aristotle described as the four elements, as well as a variety of principles, most of which modern science has now disproved, and which provide no significant roots to any area of modern physics. He spoke intimately of the relation between these elements, of their dynamics, and how they impacted on the earth, and were, in many cases, attracted to each other by unspecified forces. He also taught miscellaneous other aspects of his physics model, including his widely believed theory relating to moving energy. Aristotle taught that the elements that composed the Earth were different from those that made up the heavens and Outer space.[1] He also taught that dynamics were mostly determined by the characteristics and nature of the substances that the object that was moving was composed of.[1] Aristotle believed that there were four main elements or compounds that made up the Earth earth, air, water and fire.[a][2] He also held that all the heavens, and every particle of matter in the universe, was formed out of another, fifth element he called 'aether' (also transliterated as "ether")[2], which was supposedly weightless and "incorruptible".[2] Aether was also known by the name 'quintessence' - literally, "fifth substance".[3]
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